When two values are compared by using these operators, the result is a logical value - either TRUE or FALSE. You can compare two values with the following operators. To perform basic mathematical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division combine numbers and produce numeric results, use the following arithmetic operators. There are four different types of calculation operators: arithmetic, comparison, text concatenation, and reference. There is a default order in which calculations occur (this follows general mathematical rules), but you can change this order by using parentheses. Operators specify the type of calculation that you want to perform on the elements of a formula. If you use constants in a formula instead of references to cells (for example, =30+70+110), the result changes only if you modify the formula. An expression or a value resulting from an expression is not a constant. For example, the date, the number 210, and the text "Quarterly Earnings" are all constants. Using constants in formulasĪ constant is a value that is not calculated it always stays the same. Operators: The ^ (caret) operator raises a number to a power, and the * (asterisk) operator multiplies numbers. Constants: Numbers or text values entered directly into a formula, such as 2.Ĥ. References: A2 returns the value in cell A2.ģ. Functions: The PI() function returns the value of pi: 3.142.Ģ. =IF(A1>0) Tests the cell A1 to determine if it contains a value greater than 0.Ī formula can also contain any or all of the following: functions, references, operators, and constants.ġ. =UPPER("hello") Converts the text "hello" to "HELLO" by using the UPPER worksheet function. =SQRT(A1) Uses the SQRT function to return the square root of the value in A1. =A1+A2+A3 Adds the values in cells A1, A2, and A3. Here are some additional examples of formulas that you can enter in a worksheet. This next formula uses the PMT function to calculate a mortgage payment ($1,073.64), which is based on a 5 percent interest rate (5% divided by 12 months equals the monthly interest rate) over a 30-year period (360 months) for a $200,000 loan: A formula always starts with an equal sign (=), which can be followed by numbers, math operators (such as a plus or minus sign), and functions, which can really expand the power of a formula.įor example, the following formula multiplies 2 by 3 and then adds 5 to that result to come up with the answer, 11. A formula performs calculations or other actions on the data in your worksheet. Yes, you can use Excel for the web to find totals for a column or row of numbers, but you can also calculate a mortgage payment, solve math or engineering problems, or find a best case scenario based on variable numbers that you plug in.Įxcel for the web does this by using formulas in cells. Implication (if the first expression is true, then the second must also be true)Ĭomparison operators can be applied to all elementary variable types (numbers, date details, strings, and Boolean values).If you're new to Excel for the web, you'll soon find that it's more than just a grid in which you enter numbers in columns or rows. If used in conjunction with integer and long integer values, the operation is done at the bit level.Įquivalent test (both parts True or False) If the operators are applied to Boolean values, the operation provides the result required directly. Logical operators allow you to do operations on elements according to the rules of Boolean algebra. The & operator is safer when dealing with strings because it assumes that all arguments should be strings, and converts the arguments to strings if they are not strings. Although you can use the + operator to concatenate strings, the Basic interpreter can become confused when concatenating a number to a string.
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